Economic and Spatial Restructuring in the Aras Economic Zone: The Impact of Cross-Border Cooperation

Cross-border cooperation is critical for regional development capabilities. China and Iran are increasingly strengthening their partnership with the Belt Road Initiative. This study constructs a socio-spatial index system from perspective of locals establishes DPSIR model five layers: drivers, pressures, states, impacts, responses. Bottom-up analyses (economic, social, spatial) were performed to explore local perspectives on cross-border assess possible value in specific region. Based 41 quantitative indicators genetic algorithm, causal links between economic changes spatial restructuring determined verified. The findings show that cooperative growth research Due heterogeneity, excessive pressure evolving imbalances, we found imbalanced inside sections. Additionally, foreign direct investment enhances cooperation, which can preserve develop economies. this provides suggestions references opportunities, challenges, decision-making.